Methods are special operations that can be used on specific data types. Methods are attached to the end of variables.
Variable.method()
In this section, you will learn how to:
Copy the following code on the left in your IDE to execute the process shown in the image on the right.
Adding Elements to a List
list1 = ["you", "me", "us", "we"] 
list1.append("them")
print(list1)
Removing Elements from a List
Before using this method, you must first understand the indexing structure of Python. When creating a complex variable like a list, Python gives each of the variable elements a number to represent its place in the variable. These numbers begin at 0. For example, in the list shown above, "you" has an index of 0 while "me" has an index of 1.
list1 = ["you", "me", "us", "we"]
list1.pop(0)
print(list1)
You can also remove a list element by referencing the element itself.
list1 = ["you", "me", "us", "we"]
list1.remove("us")
print(list1)
Finding an Element's Index
list1 = ["you", "me", "us", "we"]
meindex= list1.index("me")
print(meindex)
Counting Elements in a List
list1 = ["you", "me", "us", "we"]
wecount=list1.count("we")
print(wecount)
Join Lists
list1 = ["you", "me", "us", "we"]
list2 = ["Sheila", "Joe", "Ronald", "Jacob"] 
list1.extend(list2)
print(list1)
Alphabetically Sort a List
list1 = ["you", "me", "us", "we"]
list1.sort()
print(list1)
Copy the following code on the left in your IDE to execute the process shown in the image on the right.
Capitalizing the First Word of a String
string = "Tulane University Libraries"
string=string.capitalize()
print(string)
Capitalizing the First Letter of Each Word
string = "Tulane university libraries"
string = string.title()
print(string)
Making All Letters Lowercase
string = "Tulane University Libraries"
string = string.lower()
print(string)
Making All Letters Uppercase
string = "Tulane University Libraries"
string = string.upper()
print(string)
Finding the Index of a Letter (First Occurrence Only/Case Sensitive)
string = "Tulane University Libraries"
findU= string.find("U")
print(findU)
Creating a List of Words in a String
string = "Tulane University Libraries"
stringlist = string.split(" ")
print(stringlist)
Copy the following code on the left in your IDE to execute the process shown in the image.
Getting the Keys of a Dictionary
dct = {"shoe": 8, "shirt": "medium", "wpants": 34, "lpants": 32}
dct.keys()
Getting the Values of a Dictionary
dct = {"shoe": 8, "shirt": "medium", "wpants": 34, "lpants": 32}
dct.values()
Getting the Key-Value Pairs of a Dictionary
dct = {"shoe": 8, "shirt": "medium", "wpants": 34, "lpants": 32}
dct.items()
Getting a Value by Providing a Key
dct = {"shoe": 8, "shirt": "medium", "wpants": 34, "lpants": 32}
dct.get("shoe")
Delete a Key-Value Pair from a Dictionary
dct = {"shoe": 8, "shirt": "medium", "wpants": 34, "lpants": 32}
dct.pop("shoe")
print(dct)
Add a Key-Value Pair to a Dictionary
dct = {"shoe": 8, "shirt": "medium", "wpants": 34, "lpants": 32}
dct.update({"hat":"small"})
print(dct)
